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Friday, 29 November 2013
Jazzy- lead only!
It was absolutely blowing a gale today (Sat 30/11-12)! But I am so impressed at Jazzy, despite the wind and that she hasn't seen me since Monday she was AMAZING!
This is the first time I have ever worked her like this without a halter. A big thanks to Deb Prately of Acuvet Ltd as I feel much of our success is from the treatment she gave Jazzy on Monday!
On Monday Deb came out to help loosen Jazzy's back end. Prior to this Jazzy found cantering extremely difficult and when going to the right, she would always go on the wrong lead. Well today she taught herself how to do a flying change to make cantering a circle more comfortable!
We started off just getting her to check in, back up, sideways and hind quarter yields, just to make sure she understood the concept of moving with only the rope around her neck and stopping with only the rope around her neck. Once I had this established I asked her out on a circle.
She went out easily and throughout the session only put pressure on the rope twice. She moved out fluidly at a walk and trot, so I asked for the canter. To the left she was hesitant, but found her flow and went around on the correct lead, maintaining the canter until I asked her to stop. Then to the left she was so cute, she tried really hard to canter, but could only manage a little hop in the front. I did not continue asking her for the canter. Instead I just asked her twice at the same point on the circle each time, if she didn't get it I just left her alone and asked her again when she got to the same point again- thus conditioning her that she needed to make a change at that point.
She tried about 5 times like this, then she managed to pick up and maintain a canter, but on the wrong lead. I brought her back in and rewarded her for trying. Then the next time she went out she went on the wrong leg and then did a flying lead change!!!! She knew instantly that she was amazing and flew into me for a reward pat, which she received wholeheartedly!
I tested this 3 more times and each time she did a lead change to make the canter circle more comfortable for herself!!
Love, love, love this pony! She is teaching me so much, especially the importance of wait time!!
Saturday, 16 November 2013
VE Mag: Issue 1- Nov 2013
YAY, our first mag is LIVE!!!
Click on this link to view and download online- FOR FREE
http://www.scribd.com/doc/184744969/Versatile-Equines-Magazine-Issue-1-Nov-2013
http://www.scribd.com/doc/184744969/Versatile-Equines-Magazine-Issue-1-Nov-2013
Friday, 8 November 2013
First Time Saddling
Question to VE: Okay...so what's everyone's thoughts on first saddling? The process and acceptable response from the horse?
Parelli allows a horse to buck it out. Cox doesn't allow bucking. What about Clinton?
My goal/hope is that I won't get bucking at all. I want to do all that I can to prevent it from happening. At the moment I've been putting ropes around his belly and pulling them tight-ish and asking him to walk which he's ok with but not yet confident. What else can I do?
Person A: I'm a Parelli girl and I've never had bucks with first saddling with the horses and ponies I have started since learning the concept Parelli introduced me too of approach and retreat, and breaking it down into small parts.
I introduce the saddle blanket, on and off until solid. Then I introduce the girth, either surcingle or rope- it's the concept of 'tight' in that area that needs to be built up, the tool itself is not such a big deal. I don't move on to the next step until the horse is 100% confident- accepting not just tolerating. Then together blanket and girth - this is where a bareback pad is handy but once again it's not the tool that matters but the concept of a 'pad' tied to the horses back. Then saddle without girth, then saddle with girth, then I add stirrups. The most interesting response I have had was from my very claustrophobic filly, who thought the pressure of the girth was another puzzle to find a solution to ( she was thinking porcupine game instead of friendly game) Her solution was to lift her foreleg up and hold it. It was cute, better idea than a buck and good feedback ( if i had ignored it i don't doubt that she would have tried other things possibly including the buck). I knew she was bothered but was she trying to think of a way to make it go away instead of panicking, and gave me a clear signal. I listened and loosened on request, gradually making the comfort zone bigger until she got over it. With my own horses this process is started as early as possible. For example one of my horses was wearing a saddle at less than 18 months old although I never intended to ride her until she was 4. It was part of her budding work ethic to be saddled up and to come out on rides like a grown up horse but being led from an experienced horse, or just me leading. When she was ready to ride she started offering- and did it sooner than i expected too.
I have found that if I ask for permission at every stage and always allow them to say 'no' without overriding, then eventually they believe I am trustworthy and accept my decisions as safe. This has also worked with older horses- my Kai mare was 10 years old, with a 30m bubble, never touched except for being mustered and having her foals stolen, and hated and feared humans. this general approach applied to every step of her education worked really well. If you get the trust first they will believe in you and all your weird human ideas and tools
Person B: I started off with a towel (small) and then moved on to a saddle blanket then a bareback pad with 'D's" to clip on stirrups (never did tho) then from there i drove him with it on then i introduced my saddle. I think i did this over a period of 2-3weeks, and never moved on until he was happy and relaxed, he'd often be brought in for an hour or more and just hang out tied up or loose in a yard, i did the same with my endurance bridle so he got used to me putting that on with out a bit then I'd put the bit in and clip it on. hope that helps my pony was not very trusting when i got him!
ME: Clinton is also of with the bucking- but only on the first saddling, after that he works the poop outta them until they don't wanna do it any more. In saying that though he prepares them well, so generally there is not alot of buck.
I have never had a horse buck during the introduction of a saddle phase, as like person a, I am properly prepared. I think the key for me is the simulation of the girth going up and down (tight to loose), is key in getting them ok with it.
So after they are ok with the gear, I slide a girth strap through the girth (on a bareback pad, lunge roller or saddle) and tighten slightly, wait for the horse to relax, then undo it, rub all over the area and take the saddle off, then repeat over and over for days in a row. Eventually moving up to higher deals of pressure.
Then I do the same thing, but have them walking out around me (so make sure your leading by is spot on before beginning). I am always in a position to pull the saddle off also, never to let it fall at their feet.
Then there is 'stirrup driving', it is a thing I have seen Clinton Anderson do, Jordan always does it, I have a little bit (can be done with horses already under saddle too). I will try to find a clip of it- I know there is one on the VE page of Jordan doing it.
In regards to the 'worried about bucking', I remember those days too. You will come to a place where you will JUST KNOW, yes today is the right day. You will know this because when you think of doing it you do not tighten in your stomach, get light headed or think of the what ifs, because you will genuinely know that your horse is well prepared. When I girth mine for the very first time there is less than a 1% chance that they may buck.
On top of this however, before you are too concerned with girthing up, check your ground work- have you worked your horse at a walk, trot and canter with changes of direction, do they back up with life immediately, can you shut your horse down in very startling situations, does your horse stay out of your space unless instructed 100% of the time. The reason I say this is that he may startle and run off, have you practiced this first- before the fear?
Like everything the success of your girthing, will related back to how good you have things on the ground.
Just remember don't rush, it is like float loading, if you instil fear in the first session, it will be more challenging to have success, I am not saying you wont have success, but the horse will have developed a mental brace.
Parelli allows a horse to buck it out. Cox doesn't allow bucking. What about Clinton?
My goal/hope is that I won't get bucking at all. I want to do all that I can to prevent it from happening. At the moment I've been putting ropes around his belly and pulling them tight-ish and asking him to walk which he's ok with but not yet confident. What else can I do?
Person A: I'm a Parelli girl and I've never had bucks with first saddling with the horses and ponies I have started since learning the concept Parelli introduced me too of approach and retreat, and breaking it down into small parts.
I introduce the saddle blanket, on and off until solid. Then I introduce the girth, either surcingle or rope- it's the concept of 'tight' in that area that needs to be built up, the tool itself is not such a big deal. I don't move on to the next step until the horse is 100% confident- accepting not just tolerating. Then together blanket and girth - this is where a bareback pad is handy but once again it's not the tool that matters but the concept of a 'pad' tied to the horses back. Then saddle without girth, then saddle with girth, then I add stirrups. The most interesting response I have had was from my very claustrophobic filly, who thought the pressure of the girth was another puzzle to find a solution to ( she was thinking porcupine game instead of friendly game) Her solution was to lift her foreleg up and hold it. It was cute, better idea than a buck and good feedback ( if i had ignored it i don't doubt that she would have tried other things possibly including the buck). I knew she was bothered but was she trying to think of a way to make it go away instead of panicking, and gave me a clear signal. I listened and loosened on request, gradually making the comfort zone bigger until she got over it. With my own horses this process is started as early as possible. For example one of my horses was wearing a saddle at less than 18 months old although I never intended to ride her until she was 4. It was part of her budding work ethic to be saddled up and to come out on rides like a grown up horse but being led from an experienced horse, or just me leading. When she was ready to ride she started offering- and did it sooner than i expected too.
I have found that if I ask for permission at every stage and always allow them to say 'no' without overriding, then eventually they believe I am trustworthy and accept my decisions as safe. This has also worked with older horses- my Kai mare was 10 years old, with a 30m bubble, never touched except for being mustered and having her foals stolen, and hated and feared humans. this general approach applied to every step of her education worked really well. If you get the trust first they will believe in you and all your weird human ideas and tools
Person B: I started off with a towel (small) and then moved on to a saddle blanket then a bareback pad with 'D's" to clip on stirrups (never did tho) then from there i drove him with it on then i introduced my saddle. I think i did this over a period of 2-3weeks, and never moved on until he was happy and relaxed, he'd often be brought in for an hour or more and just hang out tied up or loose in a yard, i did the same with my endurance bridle so he got used to me putting that on with out a bit then I'd put the bit in and clip it on. hope that helps my pony was not very trusting when i got him!
ME: Clinton is also of with the bucking- but only on the first saddling, after that he works the poop outta them until they don't wanna do it any more. In saying that though he prepares them well, so generally there is not alot of buck.
I have never had a horse buck during the introduction of a saddle phase, as like person a, I am properly prepared. I think the key for me is the simulation of the girth going up and down (tight to loose), is key in getting them ok with it.
So after they are ok with the gear, I slide a girth strap through the girth (on a bareback pad, lunge roller or saddle) and tighten slightly, wait for the horse to relax, then undo it, rub all over the area and take the saddle off, then repeat over and over for days in a row. Eventually moving up to higher deals of pressure.
Then I do the same thing, but have them walking out around me (so make sure your leading by is spot on before beginning). I am always in a position to pull the saddle off also, never to let it fall at their feet.
Then there is 'stirrup driving', it is a thing I have seen Clinton Anderson do, Jordan always does it, I have a little bit (can be done with horses already under saddle too). I will try to find a clip of it- I know there is one on the VE page of Jordan doing it.
In regards to the 'worried about bucking', I remember those days too. You will come to a place where you will JUST KNOW, yes today is the right day. You will know this because when you think of doing it you do not tighten in your stomach, get light headed or think of the what ifs, because you will genuinely know that your horse is well prepared. When I girth mine for the very first time there is less than a 1% chance that they may buck.
On top of this however, before you are too concerned with girthing up, check your ground work- have you worked your horse at a walk, trot and canter with changes of direction, do they back up with life immediately, can you shut your horse down in very startling situations, does your horse stay out of your space unless instructed 100% of the time. The reason I say this is that he may startle and run off, have you practiced this first- before the fear?
Like everything the success of your girthing, will related back to how good you have things on the ground.
Just remember don't rush, it is like float loading, if you instil fear in the first session, it will be more challenging to have success, I am not saying you wont have success, but the horse will have developed a mental brace.
Wednesday, 6 November 2013
I LOVE HORSENALITIES (thanks Parelli)
Important to note: A horses Horsenality is determined by 4 things:
Spirit Level- low, medium, high
Innate Characteristics- how they are naturally in the pasture/as a baby
Learned Behaviour- good or bad
Environment- influence of changes, people, places and things
I freaking LOVE Horsenalities!!! I urge people to look more into this fascinating concept!!! My horsemanship has gone to the next level because I a more aware of how to approach different horses. I have also attached links to some supporting documents :)
To support you I have compiled a list of some very informative clips and documents :)
Horsenality is not an excuse:
http://linda.parellinaturalhorsetraining.com/2012/05/horsenality%E2%84%A2-is-not-an-excuse/
Overview of Horsenality:
http://www.parelli.com/horsenality.html
MUST LOOK: actual excerpt from Horsenality DVD- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_B6NgYQ0q4o
Map your horses Horsenality:
http://files.parelli.com/HorsenalityChart.pdf
The Do's and Dont's of Horsenalities: http://www.freewebs.com/derwentvalleyhorseriders/Parelli%20Do's%20and%20Don'ts.pdf
http://www.parelli.com/what-horsenalities-teach-us.html
When Linda designed Horsenalities:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=26Hs4fGlIAQ
Linda on different Horsenalities:
Extrovert-
Understanding Extroverts- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QC9OI5W7xHc
Right Brain Extrovert- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gr_2vE_CY4k
Introvert-
Understanding Introverts- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gi-zYwb1S0
Motivate Lazy Horse- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zvtRm2eut34
Horse eating grass- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IoCy619ktvQ
Getting a circle- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNEMd8Ibbzw
Calming a tense one (RB)- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Me3kzWHl6c
Horsenaity Q&A with Linda:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ts3tVpw5cLk&list=PL8A82EC68A3EC32E2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SohezxxpM4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIf5ErRXvEo&list=PL8A82EC68A3EC32E2
Working with a Left Brain Introvert (Remmer):
Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-dlpzdXU1U
Part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=buclvhtZ0eU
Part 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdtOdyx7ndI
Part 4: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ef5PiNUCyMI
Part 6: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDxPsVD6r6E
Part 7: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHXGSW1iQ-M
Part 8: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xv9p1_Kx7Sc
Working with a Left Brain Extrovert (Allure):
Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZceHllDe3c
Part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VXMM8GKJR0I
Part 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSYj2zLKpNU
Part 4: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p6MAAqaFnIo
Part 5: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXKliGSy8oI
Other
Wait on an Introvert: http://central.parellinaturalhorsetraining.com/2012/04/giving-an-introverted-horse-time-an-extroverts-challenge/
Living and Learning with an RBE: http://central.parellinaturalhorsetraining.com/2012/03/learning-and-living-with-a-right-brain-extrovert/
My horses charts below
Jewel's Charts
Success is just around the corner!
Hooked the float up ready to continue playing with Jazzy at liberty with her float loading... but.... we didn't end up doing that!
Decided to ride her in from her paddock and a learning opportunity presented itself.
Due to the rain, a steep drain/swamp, has filled up more in the middle of her paddock. Throughout the week I have ridden her few there a few times, but not with it this full.
I feel like this was the most progressive and building session Jazzy and I have ever had. We were back back in a halter, with one 12ft lead rope attached (not set up as reins), so I will one-rein riding.
The first time Jazzy went through the swamp it took her a few minutes to feel confident, then she went up. When getting to the top she could not stand still and blew out alot.
After she relaxed again I rode her around the paddock, over a dirt bridge thing, under a low tree and back to the drain, this time she was more resistant. But eventually she went through and relaxed much quicker. We repeated this about 7 times, each time she was stronger in her refusal to go through.
Each time I had been pondering the situation and by the 7th time I stopped and thought to myself 'is this a lack of confidence, or is this a dominance game?' I was pretty sure it was a battle of wills as I know she is not a fan of mud and water, I have also experienced a similar situation like this with drain crossings on the side of the road.
So any way, I pushed on, repeating the pattern, disengaging her to face the drain every time she turned away- or if I was quick enough at throwing the lead over her head I just turned her back.
During this time I was also second-guessing myself thinking, maybe I should have just left it after she went through the very first time. Then I thought even harder and thought no, actually this is a good relationship moment for Jazzy and I.
But on the 8th attempt, I was still full of self-doubt, thinking of the messages I was sending her, trying to remember to look up where I wanted to go and not at the drain, ensuring that when she tried I relaxed and rewarded, even if only for a brief second. So the 8th time she was better and that that boosted my confidence.
Then on the 9th time, OMG it blew my mind, WE GOT THERE. She walked confidently down the hill straight at the drain and walked calmly through and relaxed on the other side!!!!!
So I rode her up to the top of the hill and just sat on her, she blew out shook and every ounce of tension left her body- in the whole time I have had her (2.5 years), I have never felt her this genuinely absent of tension!!!
So moral of the story is, and Clinton Anderson says this too, "success is just around the corner, unfortunately most times people quit before they get there". I am proud to saw I saw the corner and I knew I was going to keep going until I got around it, and I DID!!!
I can see why people do not get there though. It is so easy to have self-doubt and make messages unclear to your horse. I encourage everyone who is reading this to get around the corner. Sometimes success is no more than the ability to hold on long after others have let go!
Decided to ride her in from her paddock and a learning opportunity presented itself.
Due to the rain, a steep drain/swamp, has filled up more in the middle of her paddock. Throughout the week I have ridden her few there a few times, but not with it this full.
I feel like this was the most progressive and building session Jazzy and I have ever had. We were back back in a halter, with one 12ft lead rope attached (not set up as reins), so I will one-rein riding.
The first time Jazzy went through the swamp it took her a few minutes to feel confident, then she went up. When getting to the top she could not stand still and blew out alot.
After she relaxed again I rode her around the paddock, over a dirt bridge thing, under a low tree and back to the drain, this time she was more resistant. But eventually she went through and relaxed much quicker. We repeated this about 7 times, each time she was stronger in her refusal to go through.
Each time I had been pondering the situation and by the 7th time I stopped and thought to myself 'is this a lack of confidence, or is this a dominance game?' I was pretty sure it was a battle of wills as I know she is not a fan of mud and water, I have also experienced a similar situation like this with drain crossings on the side of the road.
So any way, I pushed on, repeating the pattern, disengaging her to face the drain every time she turned away- or if I was quick enough at throwing the lead over her head I just turned her back.
During this time I was also second-guessing myself thinking, maybe I should have just left it after she went through the very first time. Then I thought even harder and thought no, actually this is a good relationship moment for Jazzy and I.
But on the 8th attempt, I was still full of self-doubt, thinking of the messages I was sending her, trying to remember to look up where I wanted to go and not at the drain, ensuring that when she tried I relaxed and rewarded, even if only for a brief second. So the 8th time she was better and that that boosted my confidence.
Then on the 9th time, OMG it blew my mind, WE GOT THERE. She walked confidently down the hill straight at the drain and walked calmly through and relaxed on the other side!!!!!
So I rode her up to the top of the hill and just sat on her, she blew out shook and every ounce of tension left her body- in the whole time I have had her (2.5 years), I have never felt her this genuinely absent of tension!!!
So moral of the story is, and Clinton Anderson says this too, "success is just around the corner, unfortunately most times people quit before they get there". I am proud to saw I saw the corner and I knew I was going to keep going until I got around it, and I DID!!!
I can see why people do not get there though. It is so easy to have self-doubt and make messages unclear to your horse. I encourage everyone who is reading this to get around the corner. Sometimes success is no more than the ability to hold on long after others have let go!
Monday, 26 August 2013
Ask yourself the 'Why' question
After much thought and discussions with others, I am feeling like a problem with the Natural Horsemanship movement is that people see SOOO much stuff out of context. With the wide variety of trainers, methods, clinicians and disciplines around, it is very easy to acquire knowledge and ideas.
For example, a person may watch a clip about 'join up' or 'hooking on' and then go out with the ideas and subject their horses to it. They may do this with no understanding of the horse psychology behind that concept, no concept of the steps that may be involved before that point and what do do at the end- eg was it successful, if not….what next?
As many horsemen say, and I will quote Buck Brannaman, "everything you do with a horse ought to be a dance". There is often nothing elegant about the mosh pit that occurs when people take one idea in isolation and 'do it' to their horse.
Now I by no means exclude myself here. You do not know what you do not know and I am very much a ‘why’ person. I make it my business to learn as much as I can and try to work with my horses in a holistic* way- encompassing what the horse needs at the time, with my practical experience and theoretical knowledge.
So next time you are with your horses consider this idea. Through conversations I have with the people I teach, I often find their reasoning is not grounded in the fact of what the horse needs, rather something they saw (with no background knowledge or understanding) or were told to do. By all means experiment, that is often when the best learning happens, but do not become straight line thinking in your ideas. If something is not working, do not get mad or upset; just simply ask why. Or if you were Linda Parelli or a student of, you would say, “hmmmm, how interesting!”
*Holistic: analysing a whole system of beliefs and/or considering all factors when with a horse.
Monday, 5 August 2013
Bitless Bridles
From a post I started on Facebook. Join our Versatile Equines Discussion Group to see where our conversation took us!
I am having a discussion with a lady about bitless bridles, here is my opinion, would love to hear yours
I don't like them because it doesn't release properly (no model I have seen to date any way), the horse always has some pressure on its face. People will try to tell you that constant pressure is called 'neutral pressure', bull crap, pressure is pressure. I want it to clear to my horse, no pressure is nothing, pressure is something.
Also the way you pull the reins does not put the correct pressure on a horses face, you have to teach them how to understand it. It is not as simple as putting it on and hoping for the best. It has a different feel to a halter and bridle, so it is not wrong, just different to what I prefer.
Also the horses can evade them much easier as it takes longer to get a clear message to them as opposed to halter/bridle.
Another reason, the way they fit on a horses face is more critical than with a halter, I feel to be effective they need to be designed specifically to the horses face shape, length etc.
Another reason, clip reins hang almost in mid air, so the pressure is like unclear....
I have other reasons too, overall any time I have used on, on a few different horses I have not liked the feel between my horse and I.
I also see people riding around in them, having trouble with their horses and it is simply because they try to ride in them like it is a bit and bridle and/or halter. A bitless bridle is different again so needs to be used differently to a bit or halter
Any way would love to know what you think. Do not let my rant scare you off lol. I am always interested to hear a different side and I do not judge people by the gear they have on. You could ride with a bicycle chain in their mouths if that is where you are at in your journey, in this case I would judge privately
All jokes aside if you have a success story to share please feel free to share it
I am having a discussion with a lady about bitless bridles, here is my opinion, would love to hear yours
I don't like them because it doesn't release properly (no model I have seen to date any way), the horse always has some pressure on its face. People will try to tell you that constant pressure is called 'neutral pressure', bull crap, pressure is pressure. I want it to clear to my horse, no pressure is nothing, pressure is something.
Also the way you pull the reins does not put the correct pressure on a horses face, you have to teach them how to understand it. It is not as simple as putting it on and hoping for the best. It has a different feel to a halter and bridle, so it is not wrong, just different to what I prefer.
Also the horses can evade them much easier as it takes longer to get a clear message to them as opposed to halter/bridle.
Another reason, the way they fit on a horses face is more critical than with a halter, I feel to be effective they need to be designed specifically to the horses face shape, length etc.
Another reason, clip reins hang almost in mid air, so the pressure is like unclear....
I have other reasons too, overall any time I have used on, on a few different horses I have not liked the feel between my horse and I.
I also see people riding around in them, having trouble with their horses and it is simply because they try to ride in them like it is a bit and bridle and/or halter. A bitless bridle is different again so needs to be used differently to a bit or halter
Any way would love to know what you think. Do not let my rant scare you off lol. I am always interested to hear a different side and I do not judge people by the gear they have on. You could ride with a bicycle chain in their mouths if that is where you are at in your journey, in this case I would judge privately
All jokes aside if you have a success story to share please feel free to share it
Friday, 2 August 2013
GROW- Think of the Process
What I mean by this is...
Goal: Get Jazzy to put all 4 feet on the mounting block
Realities: Has never done it before, can be unconfident at trying new things, is a right-brained introvert by nature, horses have poor depth perception.
Opportunities: Make sure she can put her front feet on confidently, use a pattern to make putting her feet on the mounting block the comfort zone, have her walk over the whole thing not asking her to stop, stand with her back feet on but front feet off, do it at different lengths of lead rope, use a lower pedestal, use a bigger pedestal.
Where to next: get her to want to put her front feet on a low pedestal.
You will notice the acronym above spells GROW, so GROW your horsemanship and be aware of the process needed to achieve your goal. If you goal is seemingly out of reach or unachievable, go back through your process to find out what is missing.
So above with my GROW demonstration, I have tried to demonstrate SOME of the ideas that may be running through my head- eg the process.
So I will set a REALISTIC Where To Next, then once that is achieved I will choose another 'Opportunity' to work on, then eventually all of these things will come together and she will just put all four feet on and stand.
I encourage you to do this with your current goal. This GROW is a work in progress also and will change and adapt as you and your horse do. So do not see this as a rule, see this as a way of organising your thoughts.
Friday, 19 July 2013
Thursday, 18 July 2013
Tuesday, 16 July 2013
Ugly to Pretty
There is alot to criticise of me in this clip (will try to get video loaded, otherwise it is on VE Facebook Page)
My theory in horsemanship at this current point in time is that sometimes it looks ugly at the start, but that can often be the progression needed to get to the good stuff.
I find that too often people shy away from the ugly stuff, sometimes this is a good thing because they do not have the skills to get through it, but too often people doubt their skills and quit before they get to the place they want with their horses.
So for example in this clip this wee pony is highly reactive, runs over his child owner, does not respond appropriately to pressure etc etc. So in my eyes I am thinking, OMG nothing is more important than safety at this point and if that is at the expense of this ponies feelings for a brief moment then so be it!
So what is happening here is that the pony cannot handle the stick and string slapping the ground. So I am helping this pony understand that the stick will not harm him and that the only answer is to "hurry up and relax". The people that own this pony had only had him for 2 months, I suspect that his previous owners potentially may have been 'avoid-a-holics'. By this I mean that they avoided anything that upset him. Unfortunately all this does is repress the problem, then it comes out in a BANG!
So the thought process I have while doing this is
1. do not release the pressure (stick and string moving) until he has stood still!
2. only stop the pressure when the horse shows a sign of relaxing AND has feet still
3. if I release the pressure when the horse is fearful, I am teaching him that being fearful is the right answer
4. horses do not learn from the pressure (stick and string), they learn from the release fo pressure (stopping the stick and string)
5. Keep him out of my space as much as possible
6. ABOVE ALL- My safety is the MOST important thing!
Signs of relaxing may include:
-big blink
-cocking a hind leg
-lowering head
-sighing
-blowing nose
-licking and checking
It is important to note that a horse does not WANT to be like this, they just do not know any other way to be. I see it as my responsibility to the horse to help them find a place where they can best survive in humansville, this means that they need to be able to cope with any and all situations we force them into! Along the way I hope to help people do this themselves and on the same token, learn ways that I can do this EVEN BETTER!
Sorry this is a big novel, hopefully I have explained clearly the mission I was trying to accomplish lol!
If this was a horse I did not know, I would be more vigilant about the hind end and not let the horse turn his head away as much.
My theory in horsemanship at this current point in time is that sometimes it looks ugly at the start, but that can often be the progression needed to get to the good stuff.
I find that too often people shy away from the ugly stuff, sometimes this is a good thing because they do not have the skills to get through it, but too often people doubt their skills and quit before they get to the place they want with their horses.
So for example in this clip this wee pony is highly reactive, runs over his child owner, does not respond appropriately to pressure etc etc. So in my eyes I am thinking, OMG nothing is more important than safety at this point and if that is at the expense of this ponies feelings for a brief moment then so be it!
So what is happening here is that the pony cannot handle the stick and string slapping the ground. So I am helping this pony understand that the stick will not harm him and that the only answer is to "hurry up and relax". The people that own this pony had only had him for 2 months, I suspect that his previous owners potentially may have been 'avoid-a-holics'. By this I mean that they avoided anything that upset him. Unfortunately all this does is repress the problem, then it comes out in a BANG!
So the thought process I have while doing this is
1. do not release the pressure (stick and string moving) until he has stood still!
2. only stop the pressure when the horse shows a sign of relaxing AND has feet still
3. if I release the pressure when the horse is fearful, I am teaching him that being fearful is the right answer
4. horses do not learn from the pressure (stick and string), they learn from the release fo pressure (stopping the stick and string)
5. Keep him out of my space as much as possible
6. ABOVE ALL- My safety is the MOST important thing!
Signs of relaxing may include:
-big blink
-cocking a hind leg
-lowering head
-sighing
-blowing nose
-licking and checking
It is important to note that a horse does not WANT to be like this, they just do not know any other way to be. I see it as my responsibility to the horse to help them find a place where they can best survive in humansville, this means that they need to be able to cope with any and all situations we force them into! Along the way I hope to help people do this themselves and on the same token, learn ways that I can do this EVEN BETTER!
Sorry this is a big novel, hopefully I have explained clearly the mission I was trying to accomplish lol!
If this was a horse I did not know, I would be more vigilant about the hind end and not let the horse turn his head away as much.
Horsenality
I really do love the perspective of the Parelli's. In saying this I follow many other trainers also.
So interesting studying lots of trainers, there is alot of contradiction!
Any way, this article is very good, food for thought if nothing else!
http://www.parellinaturalhorsetraining.com/pattern-savvy/
In saying it is amazing, there are some things I would change, I am currently considering my own classification in my head, will get it down on paper one of these days!
So interesting studying lots of trainers, there is alot of contradiction!
Any way, this article is very good, food for thought if nothing else!
http://www.parellinaturalhorsetraining.com/pattern-savvy/
In saying it is amazing, there are some things I would change, I am currently considering my own classification in my head, will get it down on paper one of these days!
The sensitivity of the horse
How sensitive they are
Have just watched the Parelli's latest savvy club DVD. It is called "Calm, Connected and Responsive, Under Saddle".
It is a really good watch, it was a follow up from the last one which was on the ground. It is so good to see Linda work with an RBE horse and an LBE horse, and their owners, and explain the strategies they used to get the horse C, C and R, BASED ON their horsenalities.
Has any one else seen this yet?
What I really took from this was how the horses respond to people, based on their horsenality/personality. There was a RBI person, so a person who was tense, on an LBE horse. The horse felt her tension, so acted out (kicking up back legs), as soon as Linda got on, who was loose and fluid, the horse changed immediately. SO what I saw happening was that an extrovert wants to move their feet, so was getting agitated by its rider subconsciously saying don't go through the tension in their body.
So just reiterates how sensitive these wonderful creatures are. I would love to hear your stories of extreme sensitivity, when have you had or seen an experience like this?
Key
LBE- Left brained extrovert (thinking, wants to move feet)
RBE- Right brained extrovert (instinctual, fly from fear, move feet)
RBI- Right brained introvert (instinctual, go internal, frozen to the spot)
My facebook share:
I moment I recall is when I was at my friend Lisa's house (about 8 years ago!). I was a on a mare named Tara-toot. She is a kaimanawa x QH/Appy. She was part of Lisa's trekking team, so was ridden by many people. I quite liked the look of her so hopped on to have a ride. She started off un-connected, then after 5 minutes it was like we had the same brain! It was almost like she had been craving for this connection. I would think stop and go and she was doing it- INSANE, blew my brain out!
A saying is in my head- "how little can you do?"
Monday, 15 July 2013
My revelation- picking up the foot!
My revelation from today!
Jewel and I have always been able to do a front end turn, but it has always felt like a difficult manoeuvre. The way I would go about it was to soften up her face and put some outside leg on and kind of push her around with my rein and outside leg....
Well today at Tielcey park I was riding around, trying to pay attention to what Jewels feet were doing, I am feeling thefeet much better at the walk, starting to pick which foot is leaving the ground etc.
Then I did Buck's exercise where he picks up the 'inside rein' just a bit as the inside front hoof is leaving the ground, which causes the horses foot to place further in on the circle.
Picture it: I am on a straight line walking, as the Jewel's left hind hits the ground I am thinking, ok the right front is about to leave the ground, at which point I pick up my right rein and take it out to the right a bit, thus picking up the right rein as she picks up the right front.
I played with that a bit, then did this in succession causing her to make a circle as she was stepping in slightly every time.
Then the revelation happened, I was working on moving the front end over and was thinking about the rein to foot concept, instead of my pushing concept. I just backed her weight up slightly and picked her foot up, and up again, and up again in quick motions, which caused her to take her front around her hind... it felt sooooo easy, I had my outside rein and leg there sort of in case, but I didn't need to use them as such.
Saturday, 15 June 2013
Float Loading
Set up for success: Float Loading.
If you cannot load your horse the worst things you can do are:
1. Force them
2. Get angry and frustrated
3. Try to teach them the morning of a show
To understand the concept of float loading you first need to understand the psychology of the horse.
Horses are claustrophobic by nature, there is nothing more unnatural and foreign to a horse than being shoved in a metal box and being driven around!
Set yourself up for success with these following tips:
-Allow your horse to explore the float without being forced
-Do not growl them for pawing at the ramp- this is them testing it
-Leave float in their paddock
-Learn about pressure and release and apply this concept when teaching the horse to load (also see out blog)
-Make sure your horse knows how to back up before trying to back them out of the float
-Do not take them the whole way in before backing them out, take them up a bit and then back them off etc
-Have a long lead
-Use a stick and string
-DO NOT shut the gate until they stand in the float FULLY relaxed
Monday, 10 June 2013
Jigging Horses
Don't like your horse jigging- don't let it!
One of the most frustrating things for riders is a horse that jigs!
For most horses jigging is easily fixed, for others though it can take quite a while of consistent, patient training.
Reasons could be
-Nervous in new situation
-Rider has reins too tight
-Horse is in pain
-Rider has a tense seat
-Other horses are emotional
-The horse feels rushed
Before I try to 'fix' the horse, I fix myself, I make sure I am relaxed and that my reins are not so tight that they are causing my horse to feel coiled up. I always make sure my gear fits my horse well and that there is no pain any where. I then consider the intensity of the reasons why it jigs. I always work on the problem in an area where the horse feels safest- e.g. NOT out on a trek with 5 other horses!
One thing I might try is:
Step 1: Make sure my horse stands still while I mount (see blog for tips on how to fix this)
Step 2: Walk on a loose rein
Step 3: As soon as the horse starts to jig turn it in small circles until it comes to a stop
Step 4: As soon as the horse stops let the reins back out to a loose rein
Step 5: If the horse walked off without being asked repeat the steps
Step 6: Continue the steps repeatedly every time the horse jigs
Success Tips
-Make sure your horse can flex its head left and right (see blog: Lateral Flexion)
-Do not pull hard and fast (this will scare the horse)
-Be patient- this can take ages to fix
-Have the horse keep his head turned around once you have stopped him (like in photo), before you give the reins back to him. This way you are checking he has committed to stopping.
-Have the horse keep his head turned around once you have stopped him (like in photo), before you give the reins back to him. This way you are checking he has committed to stopping.
-If you are stuck ask for help
This is one idea, it will not work for all horses, but it is one place to start!
Saturday, 8 June 2013
Vertical Flexion: At the stand still
Vertical Flexion: At the stand still
If you cannot get your horse to vertically flex at the stand still (like in the photo), then do not expect them to hold vertical flexion at the walk and trot etc.
I believe, and there are many varying philosophies this is just my one, that a horse needs to understand the cue for 'vertical flexion' at the stand still, before it can be expected at a moving gait.

Do not get confused by vertical flexion and collection. Vertical flexion on its own is NOT collection. Collection is when the horses hindquarters are actively engaged (it is NOT all about the face).
To achieve vertical flexion I normally go through the following steps;
Step 1: Hold the rein at the buckle up high in the air with your left hand, then slide your right hand equally down the rein until it is resting on the horses neck
Step 2: Put one hand on each rein at this point and take them out as wide as your hips (make sure they are equal)
Step 3: Hold a steady pressure on the reins- NOT pulling
NB: If the horse was to dip his nose at this point I would completely release the reins.
Step 4: If the horse has still not given to the pressure I would take my hands out wider, which would put more pressure on the horses face.
NB: Again if the horse gives to the pressure let the reins go completely loose to show him he did the right thing.
Step 5: If the horse is still leaning into the pressure I would put a jiggle in my fingers to encourage him to dip his nose.
Step 6: If he does not respond to step 5 just WAIT, stay doing what you are doing eventually he will want the jiggling to quit and he will drop his nose.
Success tips:
-A jiggle is NOT a saw, it is one finger on each rein moving about 3cm to cause the rein to move a little bit
-Release the rein right out QUICKLY as soon as the horse does it correctly
-Try to ensure that the horse understands you want him to stand still and just move his head
-Use Step 1 method for gathering your reins, the reason is so that your reins are 1, even and 2, that they are the right length
Friday, 7 June 2013
Ride on the Buckle
Ride your horse on the buckle!
It is very important to be able to turf the reins away and walk your horse on the buckle!

-Safety!
-Allow horse to stretch
-Horse becomes responsible for maintaining gait/direction
-More relaxing for the rider
-Horse does not feel claustrophobic
-Less chance of developing a horse that 'head flicks', 'pulls at the reins', 'jigs', 'bolts' etc.
I am not suggesting you never collect your horse up with your reins, but be CLEAR for your horse. An idea is to have TWO rein positions, one that means something and one that doesn't.
If you have contact with the horses face/mouth, then make it mean something. You should only have feel on the horses mouth if you are asking for collection/softness/flexion of some sort, too often I see people use tight reins to 'control' their horse. Holding a horse in like this just makes them show all of the negative behaviours listed above.

I can hear many people saying, "gosh if I let my horses reins go I would be..... in the dirt, or on a bolting horse etc.... If you are in the situation of not knowing how to ride your horse on the buckle, do not worry you are NOT alone and you and your horse CAN both learn :) I know from experience as I used to be a 'tight rein' rider.
If you want to know more, drop me a line and make a booking for a lesson or clinic.
Tuesday, 4 June 2013
Trust YOUR Judgement
Trust your judgement
Stand strong in you ability to stand up for your horse. Be open to learning and suggestions, but do not do things just for the sake of someone saying so.
To be REALLY good with horses you NEED to rigorously analyse what you think- eg: why do you think it? what does your horse respond best to? what are you most comfortable doing? how far is your stretch zone for learning? what other ways could that one thing be done?
This line of questioning is the key to understanding when and why you do things with your horses. Don't do things just because some one said so, make sure it is right for you and your horse!
Often we put 'rules' on ourselves with our horses- eg I cannot put my leg there, hand there, move there, slash the rules and free play with your horse!!!
No One Can Learn For You
No one can do the learning for you.
My biggest fear of delving into the world of a being an educator of horse people, is that I am then relied on as the fountain of knowledge and the one that solely helps you progress.
I see myself as ONE avenue on a persons path to being the best they can be with horses. I encourage people to do their own research, critically analyse current philosophies and expose themselves to as many different ways of thinking about horses as possible. Too often I hear people say, "oh no I cannot do that with my horse because 'anonymous' said so", or, "'anonymous' has all I will ever need in a method". All power to these people, I really do hope that way of thinking does provide them with every opportunity they could possibly imagine.
For those that are not happy to just accept current theories and subject their horses to them, please read on :)
In the world we live in today ANYBODY could learn to train a horse. There is SOOOO much information on websites, facebook, youtube, the library and in world renowned clinicians 'clubs' (eg NWC Club, Savvy Club, Ride the Journey). What people need to do now is learn to break down what makes a good horse, horseman and partnership, to be the best they can be with EVERY horse they interact with.
For example a talented horsewoman recently said to me that her horse was worried about one corner of the arena. I asked her what strategies she used to try to help 'fix' this. She replied that her first strategy was to push the horse forward, and forward, and forward etc until the horse would get to that corner. When she discovered this was not really getting the desired result (horse was less willing, losing confidence and she was not feeling good about doing it to her horse), she chose a new strategy.
The new strategy was to walk her horse towards the spooky area, as soon as she felt her horse about to brace, she made it her idea to walk the other way, then she turned back around and did the same thing, attempting to get closer and closer and not putting herself in a position where she was fighting the horse or where the horse felt a need to get defensive and develop a brace. She felt much better about the 2nd strategy as she didn't feel like she was fighting the horse so much, felt like her horse had more of an understanding and was getting a bit more confident.
So I said to her: what was your thinking about doing it that way? What psychology of the horse did you apply there? What gave you that idea? She thought about it for a moment and had some ideas but was not 100% clear.
In my eyes what happened was that this fantastic lady saw innately, that her horse is a prey animal. She showed she understood the concept of pressure and release and that retreat builds confidence. She could see that at that particular moment the horse was not being naughty or nappy, it was simply doing what mother nature told it to do- GET TO safety! In thinking of another option she was not pig-headedly blundering though at the expense of the relationship she has with her horse. I felt it was a fantastic display of horsemanship.
So any way.... when I work with horses I do not just do something with/to my horse because someone said so or I have seen it done before. Instead I look at the situation from many different angles and choose the option that is best for ME and for my HORSE, in that PARTICULAR moment in time. It might not be the way a horseman better than I may do it, it might not be the way I do it tomorrow, but I KNOW that I have given the concept thoughtful consideration, which in my eyes will always be right for my horse. If on reflection down the line it wasn't, I will log it in my memory to add to my 'analysis pool' to draw on next time I have a similar thing to consider.
I feel I have this awareness because I do not just 'accept theory', I research widely, watch and assess many different trainers and listen to what my horse is telling me. I am fascinated in the way horses and people think and learn.
So when people come to my clinics I am not there to teach them 'how to do things', I am there to teach them how to think about things, how to be effective learners and how to reflect on things to grow as horse people. Yes you will come away with a whole raft of different activities, techniques and methods to use, but at the end of the day it is up to the person to take what is relevant to them, in that particular stage of their horsemanship journeys.
I hope this makes sense, it really is a bit of a novel I am sorry! I would love to have a discussion with like minded people, firstly so I know I am not crazy and secondly as I believe I can learn something from each and every one of you!
Friday, 31 May 2013
Lateral Flexion
How to get Lateral Flexion
In a nut shell lateral flexion is when the horse turns his head left and/or right while keeping his feet still.
Why do you need this…?
-Emergency stop
-To supple your horse
-Support transitions
-Is the key to vertical flexion
This can be taught to the horse on the ground or under saddle. I will describe it on the ground first, as I always teach concepts on the ground first. We will start at the horses left shoulder
Step 1: Stand at your horses shoulder
Step 2: Hold the lead rope in your right hand, with slack in it and rest it on the horses wither
Step 3: Slide your left hand down the rope and take up a soft grip
Step 4: Gently pull your left hand up towards your right hand
Step 5: As SOON AS you feel the horse flex, even if it is just a mm, drop the lead and give him lots of slack
Success tips
-Do not expect them to fully flex in the beginning
-Re-read our pressure and release suggestions post from the blog
-Ask gently to begin with get firmer if the horse does not respond
-Release the rope VERY quickly when the horse flexes a tiny bit
-Make sure the horse feels good about himself
-Try not to stop flexing when you horses moves (which will probably happen in the beginning)
This is one of the many concepts I teach during lessons and clinics.
Listen to your Horse
Always remember to listen to your horse
What are they telling you?
I remember the days when I never used to listen to my horse, it wasn't that I didn't want to, it's that the thought never occurred to me, then one day when it did I didn't know what to do!
When I see horses ears pinned, tails wringing, face tight, lips taut, and eyes staring, to me that spells an unhappy horse. This causes me to wonder how many other people are in the situation I was, of not knowing what to do? I see a lot of the above behaviours in other peoples horses and I think to myself, what is the person doing to help the horse be happier, or have they not even noticed and if they have noticed do they care?
My horses at times can definitely still show these things and I am forever trying to figure out why. What ever the reason I try not to let these little things go unnoticed. Be it the horses fault, the riders fault or none of the above I believe that we should all take note.
For example: I go to catch Jewel and she turns to walk away. Instead of thinking, "ohhh, you little rat bag and MAKING her be caught", I stop and ask myself why this may have occurred. In walking away (unusual behaviour as normally she comes to me, if not on her own them definitely when asked) Jewel is trying to tell me something, it is my job to acknowledge it.
In the above example Jewel could be telling me any number of things:
- "Buzz off you mean nothing to me today".
- "I have a sore back so am protecting myself".
- "Walk with me to the end of the paddock and give me a new break of grass".
- "Last time you worked with me you rushed me and made me feel wrong".
You may do nothing more than think to yourself, how fascinating and proceed as normal. I swear the horses feel this acknowledgement and appreciate it. If they showed example #1 I would be convincing them that coming to me really is a more appealing option, if they showed #4 I would slow down and take my time with them that day to rebuild trust. Generally you get a pretty good feel of the reason why and respond accordingly
Noticing these subtle signs you horse is giving your could be the difference between a safe or unsafe experience with your horse. Too often I hear people telling me of things that happened with their horses. Most often their sentences begin with "all of a sudden out of no where…..". I guarantee that if people started to notice these little signs the horse gives them, they would be saying this less often!
Yes indeed at times things really do come out of the blue, who could have picked that a plastic bag would fly out at the exact second a truck whizzed by and that the horse would spook. But if your horse has been getting tighter and tighter eventually they will blow, if their tail is repeatedly swishing watch out because a buck could be on the way, or maybe the saddle is causing major damage and pain.
I in no way have perfect horses who are happy all the time, but there has to be a line where the person needs to step up and think I NEED TO TAKE NOTICE, NOW!
Simple look into body signs: Equi-search Ideas
A deeper and more spiritual look into body language and horses: Carolyn Resnick Blog: body-language-body-talk
This is me with an Australian Stock Horse stallion called Star King and Country. He god very assertive with his body language telling me to FEED HIM NOW, so here I am reminding him of his manners with my body language.
Thursday, 30 May 2013
Tuesday, 28 May 2013
Scary objects: Under Saddle
De-spook your horse while riding
Getting your horse more confident under saddle
If your horse is fearful of a spooky object, make sure you get him confident with it on the ground first! It is important to do this so that you do not put yourself in danger and you are clearer to the horse.
See Sunday's post on pressure and release as this approach is imperative to your success.
If your horse is afraid of something when you ride him, the worst thing you can do is force him ALL the way up to it! Instead build his confidence just a little bit at a time. Walk him up to the object, then just before he gets scared walk him away. Repeat this process over and over, asking him for one more step closer each time. Eventually he will build up the confidence to get there and no fight is necessary.
The reason people 'fight' with their horses in these situations is because they do not give the horse time to THINK and problem solve for himself. If you just slow down and let him dictate the pace, you will get there faster. Parelli quotes, "take the time it takes and it takes less time!" My own version of this is, "spend the time to get it right, build his confidence, not destroy it!"
If your horse is fearful of a spooky object, make sure you get him confident with it on the ground first! It is important to do this so that you do not put yourself in danger and you are clearer to the horse.
See Sunday's post on pressure and release as this approach is imperative to your success.
If your horse is afraid of something when you ride him, the worst thing you can do is force him ALL the way up to it! Instead build his confidence just a little bit at a time. Walk him up to the object, then just before he gets scared walk him away. Repeat this process over and over, asking him for one more step closer each time. Eventually he will build up the confidence to get there and no fight is necessary.
The reason people 'fight' with their horses in these situations is because they do not give the horse time to THINK and problem solve for himself. If you just slow down and let him dictate the pace, you will get there faster. Parelli quotes, "take the time it takes and it takes less time!" My own version of this is, "spend the time to get it right, build his confidence, not destroy it!"
Pushy Horses
Do not let your horse push you around
Many of the problems people face with their horses can be attributed to the fact, they are not the horses leader.
The term 'leader' can be interpreted in many ways, some trainers believe you have to dominate the horses to lead, others believe you lead passively and some think that you need to become the alpha member of the herd to lead effectively.
Mine is a mix of all of the above. I believe the type of leadership you need depends on the type of horse you have. I do not believe that a finite definition of a 'leader' can be drawn. Basically I want to lead in such a way that causes the horse to listen to me for cues etc without fear or resentment, and I wish not cause them to feel a need to get defensive.
For example: A more pushy horse may need to be lead in a 'stronger way' as they are less likely to become fearful or resentful, where as some horses are so sensitive or damaged that even a tensing in body language at the wrong time can cause fear in them. This right here is the true art of horsemanship, knowing what you have to do at each exact moment to bring out the best in your horse.
Leadership can be gained in MANY ways, one of the ways I like to show my horse I am the leader is through awareness of space. I want my horse to know where I am AT ALL times. If he is aware of this he is less likely to jump on me when he spooks, rush past me in small areas and put me in other dangerous situations.
When I first start out with a new horse or am working with a pushy horse my space is LARGE. I imagine I have a bubble around me with about a 2 meter radius. The horse has to prove to me that he can maintain that distance without trying to cut in and run me over, before the distance will ever get any smaller. I do what ever is necessary to maintain this space, normally it is just by waving a stick at the horse when he cuts in. This exercise can be done on a cidlc or simply walking in straight lines.
Success Tips
-Do not nag him, once he has moved out of your space leave him alone (remember back to our post on pressure and release: the same concept applies)
-Be consistent, do not allow him to crowd you one day, then allow it the next
-Do what ever it takes to defend your space. This is not to be mean to the horse it is to SHOW him the answer, if you are very clear about your space he will find the solution of where he needs to be.
-Do not let him dictate when he wants to come in close to you, eventually when your relationship strengthens this becomes an acceptable thing (in my world, not all people believe this and that is ok :)).
-It is easiest to show the horse this with a stick as you can do less with your body
-Have a clear picture in your mind of what you want the situation to look like, if you are picturing him in close that is what he will do.
-Do not make him stay away ALL the time, use a healthy mix of both, just make sure when he comes in close that it was your idea.
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